![]() ![]() I have double checked the Darktable logs to see if there is not mentioned any fallback to CPU processing (which is what Darktable shall do in case of OpenCL issues, and it would explain the slow operations). ![]() MAX_WORK_ITEM_SIZES: … could that be a reason? Or does it directly relate to the discussed memory allocations? MAX_WORK_ITEM_SIZES:, while the AMD reports There is one more thing that might show the issue - in the logs I’ve shown before, for the Nvidia, there’s So either the Nvidia linux drivers suck hard or I’m doing something wrong. The thing is that according to Geekbench’s OpenCL benchmarks, the GTX 1650 Super shall perform more than 20% better than the RX 570. Nevertheless - even if this is not the limiting factor in performance, it is weird that the GTX 1650 Super performs significantly slower than the RX 570… would anyone suggest how to get more performance from the Nvidia GPU with Darktable? ![]() According to this post, it shall be “the upper size limit for any single specific allocation”. options for OpenCL compiler: -w -DNVIDIA_SM_20=1 -DNVIDIA=1 That is a good question. ![]() device 0 `GeForce GTX 1650 SUPER' allows GPU memory allocations of up to 977MB device 0 `GeForce GTX 1650 SUPER' supports image sizes of 32768 x 32768 device 0 `GeForce GTX 1650 SUPER' has sm_20 support. Nvidia: opencl library 'libOpenCL.so.1' found on your system and loaded options for OpenCL compiler: -w -DAMD=1 -I"/usr/share/darktable/kernels" device 0 `Ellesmere' allows GPU memory allocations of up to 6565MBĭEVICE_VERSION: OpenCL 1.2 AMD-APP (3143.9) device 0 `Ellesmere' supports image sizes of 16384 x 16384 Has anyone here observed such a low performance with Nvidia GPUs with Darktable on Linux? Would you have some recommendations on how to improve it, maybe also how to trick it to allow it to allocate more memory?īelow are the initial parts of the Darktable logs:ĪMD: opencl library 'libOpenCL.so.1' found on your system and loaded 1/4 of their VRAM for OpenCL memory allocations. And, from the benchmarks that can be found here ( GPU benchmarks in darktable), it seems that Nvidia GPUs often allow only approx. Also, from the log I can see that the Nvidia only allows VRAM allocations only up to 977MB. 30% longer than the older and slower AMD card. However, the results of my tests surprised me - in my experiments, the same set of exports took approx. The OpenCL support worked out of the box. With the Nvidia GPU, I installed the proprietary nvidia-driver-440. I made some basic setup to compare the cards - I selected 30 edited photos and used darktable-cli to export them while logging the debug and profiling info, also watching the GPU resources and measuring the total duration of the whole operation. So I decided to buy that one as well, keep the better performing one and return the other one. Overall, the 1650 Super shall be better performing GPU, although having only 4GB of VRAM instead of 8GB - but from profiling Darktable exports with the AMD GPU, the VRAM consumption was moving between few hundred of MB up to 2.4GB, therefore I thought 4GB VRAM will be ok. Just few days after byuing the AMD card I found Nvidia GTX 1650 Super on sale. I have used the open source AMD drivers with the necessary OpenCL part installed from the AMDGPU-PRO package. Software-wise, my setup is: Linux Mint 20, Darktable 3.2.1Īt first I bought an AMD RX 570 8GB and got some pretty decent results when compared with processing on CPU only. I decided to build the PC specifically for Darktable and I’m trying to find the best GPU for OpenCL within my budget. I would like to kindly ask you for help with issues I’m observing on my new PC build. ![]()
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![]() ![]() RSBs may then represent compensatory or reactive responses, respectively, at the opposite ends of this spectrum. Accordingly, behavioral policies may preferentially rely on new data versus existing knowledge, in a spectrum spanning between novelty and stability. In this way, basal ganglia feedback appears ideally situated to adjust the salience of sensory signals through precision weighting of (external) new sensory information, relative to the precision of (internal) predictions based on prior generated models. Based on this review, we suggest that basal ganglia feedback plays a central role in preconditioning cortical networks to anticipate self-generated, movement-related perception. We integrate clinical observations and neuroanatomical and neurophysiological alterations with accounts employing the predictive processing framework. In this paper, we systematically compare three exemplary conditions with basal ganglia involvement, obsessive-compulsive disorder, Parkinson’s disease, and autism spectrum conditions, to gain a new understanding of RSBs. Why do behaviorally overlapping phenomena sometimes require different treatment approaches−for example, sensory shielding strategies versus exposure therapy for autism and obsessive-compulsive disorder, respectively? Certain clues may be found in recent models of basal ganglia function that extend well beyond action selection and motivational control, and have implications for sensorimotor integration, prediction, learning under uncertainty, as well as aesthetic learning. However, it is still unclear how altered basal ganglia feedback signals actually relate to the phenomenological variability of RSBs. ![]() Repetitive stereotyped behaviors (RSBs) can be viewed as exaggerated forms of learned habits and frequently correlate with alterations in motor, limbic, and associative basal ganglia circuits. Recurrent, unvarying, and seemingly purposeless patterns of action and cognition are part of normal development, but also feature prominently in several neuropsychiatric conditions. 11Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.10Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.9Zukunftskolleg/Philosophy Department, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.8Medical Neuroscience Cluster, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.7Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.6Konrad Lorenz Institute for Evolution and Cognition Research, Klosterneuburg, Austria.5Faculty of Philosophy, Philosophy of Science and Religious Studies, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.4Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Department of Philosophy, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.3Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.2Department of Neurology, Center of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.1Vienna Cognitive Science Hub, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.Spee 1,2 Ronald Sladky 3 Joerg Fingerhut 4,5 Alice Laciny 6 Christoph Kraus 7,8 Sidney Carls-Diamante 9 Christof Brücke 8,10 Matthew Pelowski 1,11 Marco Treven 6,8,10* A role for aesthetic learning in autism spectrum conditions, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and Parkinson’s disease: heightened prediction error acceptance and insightīlanca T.Aesthetic learning in repetitive stereotyped behaviors.Aesthetic learning and basal ganglia function.Predictive processing accounts of autism spectrum conditions, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and Parkinson’s disease.Basal ganglia involvement in autism spectrum conditions, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and Parkinson’s disease.Repetitive phenomena in autism spectrum conditions, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and Parkinson’s disease.Repetitive behaviors and basal ganglia function.Predictive processing and aesthetic learning. ![]() ![]() ![]()
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![]() ![]() PowerDirector 12 also adds new effects including tilt-shift, lens flare, and motion blur for picture-in-picture objects and text titles. It has Content-Aware Editing to analyze scenes with faces, motion, zoom, speech or pans, and to automatically correct poor lighting and shakiness. The new version extends the 64-bit processing with optimizations for 40 percent faster H.264 encoding and three times faster rendering with the Intel 4th Generation Core AVX2. The timeline interface combines a variety of icons for editing commands and options, with buttons for major tools including fix and enhance cleaning and adjustments, power tools from cropping to 2D to 3D conversion, Keyframe effects, and the MagicStyle tool for automated fixes and movie generation. View of timeline in the Cyberlink Director interfaceThe Full Feature Editor then offers a classic timeline video editing approach with up to 100 tracks, augmented by the CyberLink technologies and tools. To get you started, PowerDirector still offers simplified editing with the Slideshow Designer or the Easy Editor, which uses the Magic Move Wizard to quickly import clips, select a style template, add adjustments for background music, and then produce the result as a video file or disc, or pass it on to the timeline editor to customize. They can handle big jobs: ColorDirector and PhotoDirector now join PowerDirector with 64-bit support, and the video tools now support 2k and 4k video. ![]() ![]() These consumer prices do not mean consumer limitations, however. And these still are priced in the consumer range: PowerDirector starts at $70, ColorDirector and AudioDirector are $130 each, and the full suite is bundled for $300. This not only has tools for audio and video, AudioDirector 4 for audio editing and restoration and PhotoDirector 5 for photo editing, but also includes ColorDirector 2 for color grading. CyberLink includes PowerDirector 12 as part of its full Director Suite 2 for media creation. Then as we jump forward to 2014, the PowerDirector has evolved into a full up video editing tool, still with the latest technologies, and featuring impressive new capabilities like multi-cam editing.Īnd there's more. CyberLink poured new technology into PowerDVD to support all those new DVD features and formats, and then expanded it over the years into a universal HD player, from disc to desktop, and Web to mobile.īut CyberLink software is not just about playback, its PowerDirector video editing tool goes back to the mists of the early 2000s, beginning as a consumerized step-by-step tool. You are probably familiar with CyberLink from using its ubiquitous PowerDVD player during the golden days of DVD. ![]() ![]() ![]() The PT provider tried this later in the day during my visit and those options were not available on the request form.The only conclusion I can draw is that Empire (and possibly AIM) hires unqualified staff, does not properly train their staff, or cares more about money than their members' health. The Empire representative said on the visit request form the PT provider could choose the number of visits to request and **** a request as urgent to get it authorized faster. Yesterday I had an Empire representative on the phone with my PT provider. When asked if they had a number I could call to speak with an AIM representative the Empire representative said NO. ![]() They either blame the PT provider or they blame their 3rd party auth system, AIM. I have spoke to about 3 different Empire representatives about this and they each give me a different story. So in addition to missing PT all of last week, I am only getting 1 visit this week. This is the third time post surgery that I have needed to miss 2 to 3 visits in a row because Empire has not authorized timely the visits requested by my PT provider.I had the worst experience today when I found out that Empire's most recent authorization was only for 1 visit. The visits run out so quick and Empire takes so long to authorize new visits. Empire only approves me for 6 PT visits at a time, even though I need 3 visits per week. This doesn't sound right at all but two representative told me this. This is affecting my recovery.Empire staff told me that AIM staff does the auth, implying that Empire has no control over auths. ![]() My insurance company, Empire BCBS, is not authorizing my visits in a timely manner, which forces me to go several days to a week without a visit. My surgeon has prescribed physical therapy 3 times per week until I see him again on August 11, 2022. I am currently still in a brace and learning how to walk again. I had patellar realignment knee surgery on April 8, 2022. Although this has been a repeated experience of mine when dealing with this organization, the most recent example took place today 11/30/22 at approximately 8:45 am with ************************. Finally, during the peer to peer review there is often a lack of either knowledge or insight, and the sense that the primary goal is to deny coverage. There is typically an extended period during which I am kept on hold when waiting for the peer to peer review to take place. ![]() Although documentation supporting the need for requested procedures is submitted in advance of the peer to peer review, this is seemingly not reviewed in any meaningful way. Although they may allow for "peer to peer" review to be conducted between ordering health care providers and physicians on their staff, this process is time consuming and arduous, clearly creating further obstruction to coverage of necessary procedures. They repeatedly deny coverage even when there are clear indications based on accepted medical standards. AIM specialty health makes determinations regarding insurance coverage for sleep studies. I am a physician conveying a concern that interferes with care for many of my patients. ![]() ![]() On the other hand, the TME also contains a rich repertoire of tumor-infiltrating immune cells including T- and B-cells, neutrophils, dendritic cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, or tumor-associated macrophages, that normally constitute a natural barrier to carcinogenesis ( 22, 24). Among malignant cells, the TME contains tumor cell subclones expressing phenotypic traits that protect them from the hosts immune system and support their ability to invade the extracellular matrix and extravasate ( 22, 28). ![]() The TME is the ensemble of tumor cells, non-tumor cells including carcinoma-associated fibroblasts and immune cells, extra-cellular matrix as well as blood and lymphatic vessels composing a neoplastic lesion ( 24– 27). In this review, we discuss how both genetic and non-genetic intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) influences the immunogenicity of M-NSCLC, and highlight the importance of integrated genomic, pathologic and immunologic analyses to refine the selection of M-NSCLC patients who may be candidates to treatment with ICIs.Ī key determinant of the response of M-NSCLC patients to ICI therapy is the tumor microenvironment (TME) ( 21– 23). However, many factors contribute to the extent of the response as well as the risk of developing resistance to ICIs in these patients ( 1, 3). Most studies conducted so far have shown that the response to ICIs in M-NSCLC patients is independent of the histological subtype (squamous or non-squamous histology) ( 1, 3). Moreover, there is now evidence that dual blockade of CTLA-4 and PD-1 receptors is sufficient to induce unique cellular responses compared with agents blocking these receptors given alone to M-NSCLC patients ( 20). However, the response to single-agent ICI therapy is not durable, and only a minority of patients have a prolonged benefit ( 2, 9, 14). ICIs have proven to be better tolerated than standard chemotherapy ( 2, 6, 10). The selection of which ICI to use depends on the expression of PD-L1, which can be evaluated using various assays, whose clinical validity has been assessed in numerous clinical trials ( 5, 6, 8– 10, 12– 16). Commonly used ICIs in these patients include the monoclonal antibodies: nivolumab ( 5– 8), pembrolizumab ( 9– 12), durvalumab ( 13), atezolizumab ( 14– 16), and avelumab ( 17), which act by targeting immune checkpoints expressed by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs)- programmed-death 1 (PD-1)-or expressed by cancer and tumor infiltrating immune cells- programmed-death ligand 1 (PD-L1) ( 18, 19). The availability of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has radically changed the management of patients affected by M-NSCLC ( 3). Modulation of interactions between T-cells, antigen-presenting cells, and tumor cells has helped unleash suppressed immune responses and increase the effective elimination of cancer cells ( 1, 2). ![]() ![]() This key observation has paved the way to the development of immunomodulating agents and opened the era of cancer immunotherapy ( 3), which culminated with the assignment of the Nobel Price to James P. By now, it is clear that the immune system plays a pivotal role not only in eradicating the disease in cancer patients, but also in promoting a long-lasting immunity ( 2). Understanding the interactions between the immune system and cancer cells has greatly advanced our knowledge of the mechanisms of tumor growth and progression ( 1). Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: An Overview ![]() ![]() ![]() (announcer voice) And now….the moment you have all been waiting for….awards that mean absolutely nothing…. They actually manage several events throughout the year. The Eureka Concert & Film Center is dedicated to the education of the general public in film, theatre, music and other art forms, rehabilitating and maintaining its historic facilities for instruction and public performances, displays, exhibits and other events. And this cause is for the restoration of the Eureka Theater and the bigger picture is promoting art and its many forms. There is nothing better than drinking craft beer for a cause. I’m going to announce my awards in a minute, but first, extra stroke for the Strangebrew folks and their mission. (hint: make your own…you will know what’s in it) I sipped on a Heretic Gamarye as he gave me a lesson on commercial apple cider that will have me reading labels the next time I choose a cider. ![]() ![]() I met back up with Peter and we had a pre-flight beer at The Local. Peter was pleased to see us hosting a Learn To Homebrew day, which he claimed was not common at a homebrew supply store. Partway through the demonstration, I turned my attention to someone who I perceived as needing help, and he turned out to be one of my supplier reps, Peter Hoey of Brewers Supply Group, formerly of Odonata Brewing and Bison Brewing. They also got a demonstration on how to make a yeast starter, which will be a future post here at HumbrewNation. About 8 people took the leap in to learning how to brew their own beer at home which is probably one of the most rewarding hobbies there is. The day started off with Learn To Homebrew Day by the Humboldt Homebrewers and hosted by Humboldt Beer Works. November 3rd was a great day for craft beer in my little world. ![]() ![]() ![]() Commands will need to be sent well in advance, with engineering data coming back from the spacecraft long after each flight takes place. Communication delays are an inherent part of working with spacecraft across interplanetary distances. In addition, flight controllers at JPL won’t be able to control the helicopter with a joystick. ![]() While Ingenuity’s team on Earth has tested the helicopter at Martian temperatures and believes it should work on Mars as intended, the cold will push the design limits of many of Ingenuity’s parts. Nights there dip down to minus 130 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 90 degrees Celsius). It can also be bone-chillingly cold at Jezero Crater, where Perseverance will land with Ingenuity attached to its belly. Because the Mars atmosphere is 99% less dense than Earth’s, Ingenuity has to be light, with rotor blades that are much larger and spin much faster than what would be required for a helicopter of Ingenuity’s mass on Earth. What makes it hard for a helicopter to fly on Mars? For one thing, Mars’ thin atmosphere makes it difficult to achieve enough lift. Ingenuity is first aircraft to attempt controlled flight on another planet Ingenuity doesn’t carry science instruments and is a separate experiment from the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover. It also has innovative solar cells, batteries, and other components. Ingenuity features four specially made carbon-fiber blades, arranged into two rotors that spin in opposite directions at around 2,400 rpm – many times faster than a passenger helicopter on Earth. Previous groundbreaking technology demonstrations include the Mars Pathfinder rover Sojourner and the tiny Mars Cube One (MarCO) CubeSats that flew by Mars in 2018. Ingenuity is what is known as a technology demonstration – a project that seeks to test a new capability for the first time, with limited scope. ![]() ![]() In recent years, the stocking of redear has found new allies due to the fish's ability to eat quagga mussels, a prominent invasive species in many freshwater drainages. The specialization of this species for the deep-water, mollusk-feeding niche allows it to be introduced to lakes without the risk of competition with fish that prefer shallower water or surface-feeding. It is even capable of opening small clams. Redears have thick pharyngeal teeth (hard, movable plates in its throat) which allow it to crunch exoskeletons. They are also believed to feed on algae, aquatic worms, copepoda, midge larvae, ephemeropteran and odonata nymphs, crayfish, small fish, and fish eggs. In the same field investigation, it was observed that smaller fish tended to also consume zooplankton, amphipods, chironomid and ceratopongonid larvae and cladocerans, with varied distributions depending on the season. microlophus predominantly focus on hard-shelled prey such as ostracods, hydrobiid snails and mussels throughout the entire year. These fish meander along lakebeds, seeking and cracking open snails and other shelled creatures. The favorite food of this species is snails, which it obtains by cracking their shells, hence this feisty gamefish's common name: shellcracker. This sunfish is also located in many freshwater marsh wetlands. They prefer to be near logs and vegetation, and tend to congregate in groups around these features. In the wild, the redear sunfish inhabits warm, quiet waters of lakes, ponds, streams, and reservoirs. However, this fish has also been widely introduced to other locations in the United States outside of its native range. They range from North Carolina to Florida, west to southern Illinois and Missouri, and south to the Rio Grande drainage in Texas. Redear sunfish are native to the Southeast U.S. Redear sunfish on average reach about 0.45 kg (0.99 lb), also larger than the average bluegill. Max length is 43.2 cm (17.0 in), compared to a maximum of about 40 cm (16 in) for the bluegill. The adult fish are between 20 and 24 cm (7.9 and 9.4 in) in length. The male has a cherry-red edge on its operculum females have orange coloration in this area. It is dark-colored dorsally and yellow-green ventrally. The redear sunfish also has faint vertical bars traveling downwards from its dorsal. The redear sunfish generally resembles the bluegill except for coloration and somewhat larger size. Large shellcracker before preparation for consumption Description Illustration of the redear sunfish, Lepomis microlophus It is known for its diet of mollusks and snails. Since it is a popular sport fish, it has been introduced to bodies of water all over North America. The redear sunfish ( Lepomis microlophus), also known as the shellcracker, Georgia bream, cherry gill, chinquapin, improved bream, rouge ear sunfish and sun perch) is a freshwater fish in the family Centrarchidae and is native to the southeastern United States. ![]() |
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